Role of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer in Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Sensing

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based fluorescence sensing of various target analytes has been growing interest in the environmental, bioimaging, and diagnosis fields. Graphene-based zero- (0D) to two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, such as graphene quantum dots (GQDs), oxide (GO), reduced (rGO), graphdiyne (GD), can potentially be employed donors/acceptors FRET-based approaches because their unique electronic photoluminescent properties. In this review, we discuss basics FRET, well role graphene-based nanomaterials (GQDs, GO, rGO, GD) for analytes, including cations, amino acids, explosives, pesticides, biomolecules, bacteria, viruses. addition, nanomaterial strategy could applied environmental sample analyses, reason lower detection ranges (micro- pico-molar concentration) also explained detail. Challenges future directions designing with a new approach better performance will highlighted.